Refrigerant, The Ozone Killer!

From Human comfort to keep our food fresh (or look fresh) but little do we know that it's the same substance that seems prolong our food& provide comfort at the same time silently rage war up above the ozone against our every survival and those others earth co-habitants. So force majeure really an act of god? 

Well, not entirely true but most likely yes (judging from the ozone depleting rate against anthropogenic activities especially beginning from the 80' industrialization revolution age).

Like what Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)& many halons (nontoxic) that used to replace highly toxic, sulfur dioxide, methyl chloride& ammonia. CFC & hydrochloroflurocarbon (HCFC) themselves has been phrase out during the Montreal protocol, in year 1987, after being found causing depletion to ozone layer& stability in atmosphere. Hydrofluoracarbon (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (FC) then come into picture as non-ozone depleting (or Zero-ODP) substance to replace those that cause ozone depletion (such as CFC). The intention was to wipe out substance believed to be responsible for ozone depletion and hope ozone to recover by year 2050. In 1997, Kyoto Protocol again found many of these so call non-ODP have global warming potentials that are thousands times greater than CO_2. In 2006, the EU adopted a regulation on F-gas (fluorinated greenhouse gases, which makes stipulations regarding the use of FCs and HFCs with the intention of reducing their emission. Though it might need until year 2020 to phase out the non-ODP completely which foresight to have the Next-generation refrigerant. R32(GWP 675) a type of HFC but only 1/3 of 410a HFC of global warming potential (GWP 2090) which look like a good choice before some genius brain come out with the next-generation refrigerant that tackle all the problem.

Natural refrigerant such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, water& air is a much promising solution although it’s not without drawbacks. Natural refrigerant whether organic or inorganic, have some concerns, in term of is its toxicity, flammability, corrosion, high pressure and efficiency in some case, to environmentalist. But as environmentalist I support the continuous R&D of it in hope to minimize the drawbacks while retain the low impact on global warming.

 Research& Development on effects of refrigerants& effective composition or types of refrigerants in the market that comply with EU Ozone Depleting substance Regulation 2037/2000 and future planning, in tropical climate. Company like bitzer from Gemany has come up with R134a+ CO2 which works perfectly in low-ambient climate and global warming potential that meet EU ODS Regulation in 2015 but how about tropical climate? Climate change is global issues!