Hungry Species

Earth; Gaia; Terra (Host)

Earth, with the mass of 5.9736 × 1024 kg, it hang itself some 149,597,890 km from the sun (3^rd Planet closest to sun) making it the only planet known to sustain live within the solar system. At the age of 4.54 billion years it is struggling to host more than 7 billion of its dominant species; Homosapiens or Human.

As of year 2013 the world population is estimated at a staggering 7.093 billion and the population graph is still climbing upward with estimation of 8 billon and 10.5, in year 2040 and 2050 respectively.  Unlike any other sentient being, the survival of human is getting more complex and hard to live with, not only we need clean water, food, sanitation facilities, clothing and shelter but we also crave for unprecedented indulgence such as branded clothing, digital entertainment, imported food, and cutting-edge communication& transportation. This consumerism behaviour is more profoundly detected in advanced country where it has become a basic need on top of the traditional necessity.

Hungry Species; Homosapiens AKA Human

To effectively formulate the antidote in handling or rather to overcome the carrying capacity, we must study the demography of each nation in order to have better understanding the trend and root-causes. Overpopulation occurs when the area does not have enough resources to cater for the amount of population.

By looking at human history one can notice that human lifestyle has change radically and dramatically with new ideas pop up out of human brain. Perhaps it’s the ability to create, invent, reinvent and innovate that make human different from the rest of the sentient beings and thus set us apart static lifestyle patent.

 Demography

Overpopulation occurs when the resource capacity of an area reach its threshold to sustain the population growth. Increment of population can occur by immigration from another area, growing population, low mortality rate& etc. To ensure sustainability of ever growing population, study of demography& anthropology pattern is essential to unlock the information ingredient into the solution for effective action to be taken. Every solution come with time and cost implications which then translate into constraints in formulating the solution. Geography has a fair share of factors to be considered; climate condition, altitude, day-time, epidemic, political restriction to immigration, richness of soil condition& etc.

Crunch on the facts, world population tilting to Asia with China as the most populated country and catching up fast is India. These two giants alone make up hosts 50% of world population in Asia. Indeed as of 2010, about 60% of world population live in Asia and that was 4 billion mouths munching on earth with equivalent amount of human’s waste output. People also seems to be shifting to live in the city since there are more job opportunity, more opportunity to earn better income, more in things hip hopping around and off course more opportunity to meet up with breeding-mate. No wonder the world now have 194 cities with more than 1 million people on the continent Asia, 56 in the Americas, 43 in Europe, 37 in Africa and 6 in Oceania.

Some Asian cities that pass a million population marks are as enumerated in the table below;

Ranking	City	Country	Population
1	Seoul	S.Korea	23,400,000
2	Mumbai	India	21,600,000
3	Delhi	India	21,500,000
4	Shanghai	China	17,500,000
5	Calcutta	India	15,700,000
6	Manila	Phipine	15,600,000
7	Jakarta	Indonesia	15,100,000
8	Karachi	India	15,100,000
9	Guangzhou	China	14,700,000
10	Beijing	China	12,800,000
11	Dhaka	Bangladesh	12,600,000
12	Tehran	Iran	12,100,000
13	Shenzen	China	9,150,000
14	Bangkok	Thailand	8,650,000
15	Wuhan	China	8,650,000
16	Tianjin	China	8,000,000
17	Lahore	Pakistan	7,950,000
18	Chennai	India	7,850,000
19	Bangalore	India	7,350,000
20	Hyderabad	India	7,150,000
21	Hong Kong	China	7,100,000
22	Taipei	China	6,700,000
23	Baghdad	Iraq	6,250,000
24	Chongqing	China	6,200,000
25	Ahmedabad	India	5,650,000
26	Dongguan	China	5,500,000
27	Chengdu	China	5,450,000
28	Ho Chi Minh	Vietnam	5,450,000
29	Shenyang	China	5,050,000
30	Riyadh	Saudi Arabia	4,775,000
31	Yangoon	Vietnam	4,700,000
32	Xian	China	4,657,000
33	Pune	India	4,625,000
34	Singapore	Singapore	4,600,000
35	Nanjing	China	4,575,000
36	Kuala Lumpur	Malaysia	4,525,000
37	Chittagong	Bangladesh	4,350,000
38	Harbin	China	4,250,000
39	Hangzhou	China	3,925,000
40	Shantao	China	3,925,000
41	Pyongyang	N.Korea	3,675,000
42	Busan	S.Korea	3,575,000
43	Kanpur	Bangladesh	3,475,000
44	Dalian	China	3,375,000
45	Jinan	China	3,275,000
46	Qingdao	China	3,200,000
47	Bandung	Indonesia	3,175,000
48	Fuzhou	China	3,125,000
49	Jiddah	Saudi Arabia	3,125,000
50	Faisalabad	Pakistan	3,100,000
51	Taiyuan	China	3,100,000
52	Kumming	China	3,075,000
53	Jaipur	India	3,050,000
54	Zhengzhou	China	3,025,000
55	Rawalpindi	Pakistan	2,975,000
56	Surabaya	Indonesia	2,950,000
57	Amman	Jordan	2,850,000
58	Lucknow	India	2,800,000
59	Kaohsiung	China	2,775,000
60	Kabul	Afganistan	2,750,000
61	Nagpur	India	2,700,000
62	Daegu	S.Korea	2,675,000
63	Medan	Indonesia	2,650,000
64	Changsha	China	2,575,000
65	Meshed	Iran	2,550,000
66	Colombo	Brazil	2,450,000
67	Suzhou	China	2,450,000
68	Patna	India	2,350,000
69	Tashkent	Uzbekistan	2,350,000
70	Shijiazhuang	China	2,325,000
71	Guiyang	China	2,275,000
72	Urumiqi	China	2,275,000
73	Zibo	China	2,275,000
74	Lanzhou	China	2,275,000
75	Taichung	China	2,250,000
76	Anshan	China	2,225,000
77	Hanoi	Vietnam	2,200,000
78	Quanzhou	China	2,175,000
79	Nanchang	China	2,175,000
80	Ningbo	China	2,125,000
81	Bhilai-Raipur	India	2,025,000
82	Nanning	China	2,025,000
83	Isfahan	Iran	1,960,000
84	Xiamen	China	1,960,000
85	Sana'a	Yamen	1,950,000
86	Zhongshan	China	1,930,000
87	Tangshan	China	1,920,000
88	Taoyuan	China	1,920,000
89	Wenzhou	China	1,910,000
90	Gujranwala	India	1,900,000
91	Baku	Azerbaijan	1,890,000
92	Hefei	China	1,870,000
93	Indore	India	1,870,000
94	Vadodara	India	1,870,000
95	Damman	Saudi Arabia	1,860,000
96	Coimbatore	India	1,830,000
97	Baotou	China	1,820,000
98	Bhopal	India	1,810,000
99	Multan	Pakistan	1,740,000
100	Kuwait	Kuwait	1,730,000
101	Cebu	Phipine	1,730,000
102	Ludhiana	India	1,730,000
103	Palembang	Indonesia	1,730,000
104	Changzhou	China	1,720,000
105	Agra	India	1,700,000
106	Kochi	India	1,660,000
107	Semarang	Indonesia	1,660,000
108	Vishakapatnam	India	1,610,000
109	Meerut	India	1,600,000
110	Xuzhou	China	1,590,000
111	Asansol	India	1,580,000
112	Bhubaneswar	India	1,560,000
113	Taejon	S.Korea	1,550,000
114	Chandigarh	India	1,520,000
115	Dubai	UAE	1,520,000
116	Gaza	Israel	1,520,000
117	Yantai	China	1,520,000
118	Gwangju	S.Korea	1,500,000
119	Peshawar	Pakistan	1,500,000
120	Qiqihar	China	1,500,000
121	Luoyang	China	1,490,000
122	Mecca	Saudi Arabia	1,490,000
123	Varanasi	India	1,470,000

The immigration to concentrate in one favourable place is not new. Human is social animal and once lead a nomadic lifestyle hunter turn into community dweller, harvest the benefit of co-existence between human and rear pet for more efficient living. People started to realise their vegetable& prey does reproduce and bless with the arithmetic mind, the idea of farming ignited. As community grow larger the need for leader manifest hence tribe head, lord and king emerged. Territories were drawn to warn intruder. When resources are insufficient, warrior was created to steal from the nearby land and when enjoyment of others possession turn into greed it become a lust. The strong dominate the weak and so this is how human can’t cut off from our animal instinct, what more we are bless with superior genius brain, limbs that enable to make tools, larynx (voice box) that enable to craft our language, and the fear of death that very much associated with religion. All these ingredients coincide together form the so call civilization and technology advancement ensue. There is no lack of oppression from the strong to the weak but the only thing is it evolves into another forms. 

Sub-topics of Demography;

1. Slum Population

Thirst for H₂O

Every living being on earth consumes water, as for our species we suck up 45 billion cubic meter of water (2012) each year. So what is this water that we must consume in our daily life? Water is making out of a covalent bond between 1 atom oxygen and 2 hydrogen which means these atoms share their electron in a way that has achieve equilibrium state.

Earth is coated with 71% of water but only 2.5% is fresh water and 98.8% out of it is hidden underground or reach its maximum density (i.e. 3.98°C) freeze as ice. Less than 0.3% of all fresh water fills up the river, lake and the atmosphere. The fresh water that easier to process into portable water is already very limited yet cost of setting up the facility is not cheap, it’s estimated that 1 billion of people still no access to clean water and 2.5 billion without proper sanitary.

Sub-topics of Thirst for H₂O;

1. Rainwater Harvest

Illusion’s Necessity

Despite the imbalance in resources distribution yet we are far from stop craving in unnecessary consumption hypnotized by irresponsible conglomerates. No doubt the definition of necessity has evolved along with technology.

Sub-topics of Illusion's Necessity;

1. Branding's Waste

Resurrection of Dinosaur

While scientist is still finding clue to clone dinosaurs or lazarus taxa extinction species to life we have inadvertently resurrect the dinosaurs let along with faunas deposit millions years ago by converting their remaining into usable (petroleum) fuel to feed machines, ingredient for cosmetic, building materials, plastic of all sort and many more. What I have to say is they will never rest in peace! Although there is no exact figure to tell how many of this fossil fuel left but one thing for definite is they are finite.

Fossil energy use increased most in 2000-2008. In October 2012 the IEA noted that coal accounted for half the increased energy use of the prior decade, growing faster than all renewable energy sources. Since Chernobyl disaster in 1986 investments in nuclear power have been small.

Energy use (PWh)[3]
	Fossil	Nuclear	Renewable	Total
1990	83.374	6.113	13.082	102.569
2000	94.493	7.857	15.337	117.687
2008	117.076	8.283	18.492	143.851
Change 2000-2008	22.583	0.426	3.155	26.164

1PWh=1000TWh

As of 2010, 84% of energy generation in Malaysia is from fossil fuel which means to say every corner of our house, workplace and public area as long as there is electricity consumption we are burning out this finite resources.

“Resurrection of Dinosaur” will be elaborated further on a post of its own……

1. Resurrection of Dinosaur-Part 1

Dodo done!

Dodo (Raphus cucullatus ), the famous bird say goodbye to earth long (Year 1626) before I have the opportunity touch or even have a glance at it. Let along with hundreds and thousands of known and unknown (yet to be discovered) species has disappeared from the surface of earth. The six waves of extinction has hit our time as it evident by the unnatural extinction rate of estimated between 1,000 to 10,000 fold of natural extinction rate at 5 species per annum which means every day there are dozens of species face the hard facts of extinction. In fact 90-99% of species ever exist on earth has already become extinct which roughly around 5-11 millions of species!!  IUCN (International Union for Conversation Nature) has shoulder the responsible of providing information on species vulnerability to sustain on earth both in the wild and artificial environment such as zoo.

History of life on the Earth witnessed five mass extinctions (1^st - Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, 2^nd- Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 3^rd - Permian–Triassic extinction event, 4^th- Late Devonian extinction, 5^th - Ordovician–Silurian extinction event ) of species as a result of natural calamities. Currently, biologists are talking more and more often about the sixth wave of extinction provoked in many respects by human beings. Human no doubt is the dominant species in this planet evidence by its power to shape the landscape and faith of our surrounding flora and fauna. The exponential growth of human population has not only eat up space and resources share equally previously but ramifications of human activities has also contributing the six wave of extinction with “pollution” as a main contributor. 

Different species live in different habitat and origin from different geographical location. With humid hot climate, Equator has the most favourable condition for most species found on earth. However, it is also where most developing countries located. Expansion of human territory into the wild life habitat is inevitable. Hundreds years old trees disappear in the split of second, make way for human shelter with the cost of others. Some loss their shelter while some herbivores loss their food and shrink in population. Carnivores like the big cat, tiger, leopard& jaguar, in turn loss their prey. The disturbance of whole ecological food chain brings down the subsistence of species on earth surface.

The percentage of disappearing Species from 1990-2004;

·         Bahrain 700%

·         Qatar 333%

·         UAE 170%

·         Taiwan 167%

·         Singapore 144%

·         Oman 127%

·         Hong Kong 125%

·         Thailand -75%

• MYCAT